Lots of different thoughts and points.
The Chairman an dthe Organization are huge in the comics line, because they control Rook City and Rook City is important. Zhu Long, Gloomweaver, Blood Countess, Biomancer, FILTER, Grand Warlord Voss, Citizen Dawn and Kaagra Warfang fill a similiar niche in different ways.
Voss has an intergalactic empire, in terms of space and the universe, he's a major force when he is active. Kaagra is less politically powerful, but the Coliseum is her absolute domain and I'm sure it involves a lot of betting and I'd imagine it a major force in the cosmos if they broadcast. Zhu Long, Blood Countess. Gloomweaver, FILTER, and Biomancer are all long-term schemers with their hands in innumberable pies. They are the shadowy figures that puppet the world from a distance. Amit joins this group, sort of, in the Sentinels Universe, but she's still reckless in ways that the others aren't.
I actually think Legacy has to be in this category as well. Not only because Baron Blade who is also a major power is acting against Legacy, but because if Legacy put out a call to action I think most of the heroes would respond. And when Legacy went bad, the world was reshaped by it. It's a difuse web, but especially when he becomes Heritage and we get the Freedom Five teaching a new generation of hereos... there is a lot of world-shaking happening because of Legacy and those he gathers around him.
I guess, the more I think about it, a Major Power to me, indicates influence and possibly a domain of power. Then you get budding powers like Highbrow or tertiary powers like Revocorp whose main function is working with major powers or connectiong many smaller powers. Even MAdam Mittimeir is here, because she's a weak power comparitively, but that might only seem to be the case because her domain is very small and well hidden, and we have zero inkling as to her long-term plans.
And then, I have to think about, those who were major, but are no longer, or were major for a very short time.
The Celestial Tribunal, The Ennead, Akash'Bhuta (she changed a lot way back when, but not so much anymore)
And, I'm sure there are things we don't know yet that will reveal new aspects of the field to us.